混合式固态直流断路器换流支路电磁建模与降感设计
赵宇1，迟长春1，龚祚勇2
(1 上海电机学院 电气与能源工程学院，上海 201306；
2 上海良信电器股份有限公司，上海 201315)
摘 要 ：针对低压混合式固态直流断路器 (HSSCB) 换流暂态过程中杂散电感限制电流转移速率及诱发器件暂态过电压的问题，开展系统性电磁建模与降感优化研究。通过构建涵盖机械支路弧压、电力电子器件压降及支路感抗的非线性暂态微分方程，定量解析杂散电感对换流时间的线性限制规律及对暂态恢复电压的映射机理。基于部分元素等效电路理论，利用 ANSYS Q3D Extractor 软件建立三类典型母排结构的三维电磁模型，提取高频特征频率下寄生参数矩阵，揭示磁通对消机制在纳亨级电感调控中的主导作用。仿真结果表明，薄膜层压结构可实现 90% 以上降感效率，将换流支路回路电感降至 22.9 nH，为高性能 HSSCB 研制提供了理论依据与工程支撑。
关键词 ： 混合式固态直流断路器 ；换流支路 ；杂散电感 ；电磁建模 ；寄生参数
中图分类号 ：TM561 文献标识码 ：A 文章编号 ：2097-6623(2026)08-0032-06
Electromagnetic Modeling and Inductance Reduction Design for the
Commutation Branch of Hybrid Solid-State DC Circuit Breaker
ZHAO Yu1, CHI Chang-chun1, GONG Zuo-yong2
（ 1 School of Electrical and Energy Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2 Shanghai Liangxin Electrical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201315, China）
Abstract: Addressing the issues of stray inductance limiting the current transfer rate and inducing transient overvoltages in components during the commutation transient process of low-voltage hybrid solid-state DC circuit breaker (HSSCB), systematic electromagnetic modeling and inductance reduction optimization research are conducted. By constructing nonlinear transient differential equations encompassing mechanical branch arc voltage, voltage drop of power electronic devices, and branch inductance, the linear limitation law of stray inductance on commutation time and its mapping mechanism to transient recovery voltage are quantitatively analyzed. Based on the partial element equivalent circuit theory, three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling of three typical busbar structures are established using ANSYS Q3D Extractor software. The parasitic parameter matrix at high-frequency characteristic frequencies is extracted, revealing the dominant role of the magnetic flux cancellation mechanism in nanohenry-level inductance regulation. Simulation results indicate that the thin-film laminated structure can achieve an inductance reduction efficiency of over 90%, reducing the converter branch loop inductance to 22.9 nH, providing theoretical basis and engineering support for the development of high-performance HSSCB.
Key words: hybrid solid-state DC circuit breaker; commutation branch; stray inductance; electromagnetic modeling; parasitic parameter
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