Suzhou Electric Appliance Research Institute
期刊号: CN32-1800/TM| ISSN2097-6623

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面向碳中和的氢能微电网关键技术综述

来源:电工电气发布时间:2026-08-26 10:26 浏览次数:114

面向碳中和的氢能微电网关键技术综述

赵小龙
(天水长城开关厂集团有限公司,甘肃 天水 741000)

    摘 要 :氢能以其零碳、储能周期长、能量密度高及多领域应用等独特优势,正成为微电网深度脱碳与功能增强的关键赋能要素。深入剖析了氢能对于微电网实现能源自洽、提升韧性及提供系统服务等方面的战略价值 ;综述了“电—氢—电”与“电—氢—多能”两种主流耦合模式的系统架构,并对其典型拓扑进行了分类阐述 ;从关键设备技术、系统集成与协调控制技术以及经济性与政策环境三个维度,评述了当前核心技术现状、挑战与突破方向。基于技术成熟度、成本下降曲线与市场机制演进,提出了涵盖近期示范验证、中期商业推广与远期生态融合的阶段性发展路径,并展望了未来需要重点突破的技术瓶颈、标准体系与商业模式创新方向,以期为推动氢能微电网从技术创新走向规模化应用提供系统性参考。
    关键词 : 碳中和 ;氢能 ;微电网 ;电氢耦合 ;系统架构 ;储能 ;能源转型
    中图分类号 :TM715     文献标识码 :A     文章编号 :2097-6623(2026)08-0020-06


Review on Key Technologies of Hydrogen Microgrid
Oriented to Carbon Neutrality


ZHAO Xiao-long
( Tianshui Changcheng Switchgear Group Co., Ltd., Tianshui 741000, China)
 

    Abstract: Hydrogen energy, with its unique advantages such as zero carbon footprint, long energy storage cycle, high energy density, and multifield applications, is becoming a key enabling factor for deep decarbonization and functional enhancement of microgrids. This paper deeply analyzes strategic value of hydrogen energy in achieving energy self-consistency, enhancing resilience, and providing system services for microgrids, summarizes the system architectures of two mainstream coupling modes, namely electricity—hydrogen—electricity and electricity—hydrogen—energy and classifies and elaborates their typical topologies, from three dimensions of key equipment technologies, system integration and coordinated control technologies, as well as economic performance and policy environment, this paper reviews the state of the art, challenges and breakthrough paths of current core technologies. Based on technology readiness levels, cost decline curves and the evolution of market mechanisms, this paper proposes a phased development roadmap covering near-term demonstration and verification, medium-term commercial promotion and long-term ecological integration. Furthermore, it prospects the technical bottlenecks, standard systems and business model innovations that require key breakthroughs in the future, so as to provide systematic references for advancing hydrogen microgrids from technological innovation to large-scale application.
    Key words: carbon neutrality; hydrogen energy; microgrid; electricity-hydrogen coupling; system architecture; energy storage; energy transition
 

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